• Wisconsin Alumni Research Foundation, 2009-2010, The Impact of Restratification on the North Atlantic Carbon Sink
• NASA, Goddard Space Flight Center, 2008-2011, Modeling the Carbon Cycle and Climate: Ocean Processes to Global Predictions
• NSF, 2006-2010, Collaborative Research - the Carbon Balance of Lake Superior: Modeling Lake Processes and Understanding Impacts on the Regional Carbon Cycle
• Wisconsin Alumni Research Foundation, 2005-2032

• "Trends in the North Atlantic carbon sink: 1992-2006"

Ullman DJ, McKinley GA, Bennington V, et al., Global Biogeochemical Cycles 23 article #GB4011 Oct 2009. A biogeochemical general circulation model is used to assess the impact of climate variability from 1992 to 2006 on air-sea CO2 fluxes and ocean surface pCO(2) in the North Atlantic and to understand trends in the North Atlantic carbon sink over this time period.

• "What does chlorophyll variability tell us about export and air-sea CO2 flux variability in the North Atlantic?"

Bennington V, McKinley GA Dutkiewicz S. Global BioGeochemical Cycles 23: GB3002 July 2009. The importance of biology to the ocean carbon sink is often quantified in terms of export, the removal of carbon from the ocean surface layer. Satellite images of sea surface chlorophyll indicate variability in biological production, but how these variations affect export and air-sea carbon fluxes is poorly understood.

• "Do hurricanes cause significant interannual variability in the air-sea CO2 flux of the subtropical North Atlantic?"

Koch J, McKinley GA, Bennington V, et al., Geophyscial Research Letters 36: L07606 Apr 2009. In this study, a regional version of the MIT ocean general circulation model was used to study impacts on interannual variability in air-sea CO2 fluxes in the North Atlantic subtropical gyre (25-40N). Keywords: Extreme Wind Speeds; Gas Exchange Surface; Ocean; Temperature.

• "An improved comparison of atmospheric Ar/N-2 time series and paired ocean-atmosphere model predictions"

Cassar N, McKinley GA, Bender ML, et al., Journal of Geophysical Research-Atmospheres 113 (D21): D21122 Nov 2008. Keywords: Ratio; Circulation; Exchange; System; Oxygen.

• "Weather in a Tank" Exploiting Laboratory Experiments in the Teaching of Meteorology, Oceanography, and Climate"

Illari L, Marshall J, Bannon P, Botella J, et al., Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society 90(11): 1619+ Nov 2009.  The intent of the project is to help students learn how to move between phenomena in the real world, theory, and models. 

• Intra-University Collaboration: Gaylord Nelson Institute for Environmental Studies, Center for Climatic Research, Center for Sustainability and the Global Environment
• Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Earth Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences
• Michigan Technological University, Civil & Environmental Engineering

• Google Earth
• MIT General Circulation Model (MITgcm)